TRANSPORTERS ARE DIVIDED INTO:
— Conveyor belt;
— Screw conveyor (auger);
— Scraper chain conveyors;
— Bucket conveyor of grain (noria).
The most common are the tape and screw types. Belt conveyors are used not only for grain, but also for heavy crops (root crops, pellets, various fodder, etc.). The auger in its design has specially designed augers that are ideal for bulk products (grain, cod, ash). This technique is indispensable in many spheres of activity. In everyday life, we also encounter conveyors, for example, at the airport it is used to lift luggage, in warehouses and large shopping centers to move various products, loading and unloading wagons is also carried out with their help. You have seen a transporter at least once in your life, but you simply did not think about what kind of equipment it is. Such demand of the transporter is explained by its main advantages of use:
— mobility due to the light weight and compactness of the equipment;
— ease of operation;
— high efficiency for a long time;
— simplicity of design;
— the cargo can easily be transported on a vertical or horizontal plane to hard-to-reach places.
TYPES OF TRANSPORTERS
The conveyor was developed by specialists to simplify the movement of cargo horizontally or vertically at a certain angle. Depending on the complexity of the design and use, conveyors can be divided into types. It is worth talking about each of them in more detail.
Belt conveyor
Belt conveyor is often used in various enterprises. It is designed to move grain and other loose and non-loose materials to a distance of up to 1000 m. Depending on the model, the productivity of the belt conveyor can be from 50-1000 t/h, including at angles up to 45 degrees. Belt conveyors move the grain without damaging or harming it. In addition, it is convenient to transport material that is highly dusty, such as cement, flour, pellets, finely divided compound feed and additives. Such conveyors are often used in packaging shops to move finished products (cereals, granulated sugar, salt, etc.). The design has the simplest structure, consisting of a tape and rollers. The tape is self-cleaning, which is convenient when used in large productions. The belt conveyor has three sections: tension, drive and intermediate. The drive section is designed so that the shaft or pulley can be easily replaced without removing and disconnecting the belt. Many belt grain conveyor models use an automated mobile cart. It is controlled by a remote control. Conveyor belt can be made of vinyl, silicone, rubber, urethane and PVC. The surface is either rough, bumpy or smooth. It is selected depending on the direct purpose of the conveyor.
Screw conveyor
I find these conveyors very popular and are used to move fine-grained or loose materials vertically at various angles. The structure of the screw conveyor consists of a tube, flexible or not, inside which a large spiral works, unloading and loading units, a drive and a connecting flange at the outlet. It is used to transport bulk products at a distance of up to 30 m.
Screw conveyors are:
-In the pipe;
-In the gutter
Conveyors in the pipe can be horizontal or vertical. They have a sectional cylindrical base that can be easily enlarged or reduced. The modules are attached to each other with the help of intermediate flanges. The spiral is increased with the help of additional supports. Conveyors in a chute are used as an alternative to conveyors in a pipe. Their base consists of a trough in which a large spiral rotates. Such screws are used for heavy loose types of goods, for example, granulated compound feed. The chute consists of modules that are easily supplemented. They are attached to additional supports with couplings. To increase wear resistance, special seals are used between sections.
Chain conveyor
The chain scraper conveyor is designed for moving bulk goods on a horizontal or inclined plane with a very high productivity of up to 600 t/h of grain and lengths of up to 60 m. The basis of the design of such a conveyor is a chute, inside of which there is a chain with scrapers attached to it. The chain is used domestic lamellar or foreign production. Scrapers are made of rubber, polyurethane or polyethylene. It is used in combination with a loading funnel from a car or railway receiver with overloading to another conveyor or noria. Due to the simplicity and features of the design, it is possible to install intermediate unloading and loading with manual or electric valves.
Bucket conveyors (noria)
The bucket conveyor is designed to work in a vertical plane at a height of up to 60 m. The load-carrying body can be belt or chain with attached buckets. It is possible to make it in a self-supporting version with stretchers made of ropes. The design consists of:
— Loading part (boot).
— Drive station (heads).
— Noria mines. The principle of its operation is based on the work of buckets, into which the material enters through the funnel of the shoe. Then the raw material moves through the mine to the place of unloading.
